1.进入到sqlplus启动实例
[oracle@redhat ~]$ su - oracle --“切换到oracle用户” Password: [oracle@redhat ~]$ lsnrctl start --“打开监听” LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:06:40 Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /home/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 14-OCT-2009 19:06:40 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522))) Services Summary... Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s). Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully [oracle@redhat ~]$ sqlplus /nolog --“进入到sqlplus” SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 14 19:06:45 2009 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn /as sysdba --“连接到sysdba” Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup --“启动数据库实例” ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes Fixed Size 1218968 bytes Variable Size 88082024 bytes Database Buffers 188743680 bytes Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> shutdown immediate --“关闭数据库实例” Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options [oracle@redhat ~]$ lsnrctl stop --“关闭监听” LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:08:06 Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) The command completed successfully 2.用dbstart和dbshut启动和关闭数据库实例 先启动监听 lsnrctl start 启动实例 dbstart 使用dbstart命令启动数据库比较方便，但是在linux上安装好oracle之后，第一次使用dbstart命令可能会报如下错误： ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME 原因： dbstart和dbshut脚本文件中ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER的设置有问题，分别打开两个文件找到：用vi编辑dbstart，ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改为 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME 然后保存退出，此时再运行dbstart，已经不报错了，但是没有任何反应，ps一下进程，没有oracle的进程，说明oracle实例没有正常启动。 此时的原因是在/etc/oratab的设置问题，我们vi一下，发现 zgz:/home/oracle/product/10g:N 最后设置的是"N"（我的环境中只有一个实例，因此只有一行配置语句），我们需要把“N”修改为“Y”。 以上的工作做好之后，dbstart就可以正常使用了： [oracle@redhat bin]$ lsnrctl start --“启动监听” LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:44:53 Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /home/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 14-OCT-2009 19:44:53 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522))) Services Summary... Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s). Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully [oracle@redhat bin]$ dbstart --“启动数据库实例” Processing Database instance "zgz": log file /home/oracle/product/10g/startup.log [oracle@redhat bin]$ dbshut --“关闭数据库实例” [oracle@redhat bin]$ lsnrctl stop --“关闭监听” LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:45:33 Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) The command completed successfully 二、如何使数据库实例和linux系统一起启动 在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中加入如下语句即可实现同系统启动实例： su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start" su - oracle -c "dbstart"